Lung Cancer

English Version

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the united States1 and worldwide. The two major forms of lung cancer are non small cell lung cancer (about 85% of all lung cancers) and small cell lung cancer (about 15%). Despite advances in early detection and standard treatment, non small cell lung cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and has a poor prognosis. The t reatment and prevent ion of lung cancer are major unmet needs that can probably be improved by a better understanding of the molecular origins and evolution of the disease.

Non small cell lung cancer can be divided into three major histologic subtypes: squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell lung cancer. Smoking causes all types of lung cancer but is most strongly linked with small cell lung cancer and squamous cell carcinoma; adenocarcinoma is the most common type in patients who have never smoked (Fig.12-8). This review will focus on major recent advances in the molecular study of the origins and biology of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, since they constitute the vast majority of diagnosed lung cancers (Table 15,8-14). These advances have been facilitated by the development of molecular techniques and biomarkers for defining cancer risk, prognosis, and optimal therapy aimed at personalized prevention and treatment of lung cancer.

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